Metallurgical microscope is primarily used to examine opaque objects. It is based on the principal of incident illumination whereby the light shines down on the object through the objectives. Also known as metallographic microscope, metallurgical microscope is used extensively in the domain of material science and engineering laboratories to inspect, analyze and test the micro-structure of materials such as rocks, minerals and other non-translucent specimens. These are used for different applications like semiconductor silicon wafer manufacturing, inspection and quality control, crystallography, metallic grain micro-structure analysis and identification, measurement of thin films, and microscopic analysis of opaque surfaces amongst the others.